An electric motor is an electrical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and can reuse the mechanical energy to generate kinetic energy to drive other devices. There are many types of motors, but they can be roughly divided into AC motors and DC motors for different occasions.
Ny tombony amin'ny motera DC dia ny fahatsorana amin'ny fanaraha-maso haingana. Mila mifehy ny voltora fotsiny izy io mba hifehezana ny hafainganam-pandeha. Na izany aza, ity karazana maotera ity dia tsy mety amin'ny fiasana amin'ny hafanana avo, mora mirehitra ary tontolo hafa, ary satria ny motera dia mila mampiasa borosy karbaona ho singa Commutator (motera borosy), noho izany dia ilaina ny manadio tsy tapaka ny loto ateraky ny karbônina borosy friction. Ny maotera tsy misy borosy dia antsoina hoe motera tsy misy borosy. Raha ampitahaina amin'ny borosy, ny maotera tsy misy borosy dia tsy dia mitsitsy herinaratra ary mangina kokoa noho ny tsy fisian'ny fifandonana eo amin'ny borosy karbônina sy ny tady. Sarotra kokoa ny famokarana ary lafo ny vidiny. Ny maotera AC dia azo ampiasaina amin'ny hafanana avo, mora mirehitra ary tontolo hafa, ary tsy mila manadio tsy tapaka ny loto borosy karbônina, fa sarotra ny mifehy ny hafainganam-pandeha, satria ny fifehezana ny hafainganam-pandehan'ny motera AC dia mitaky fifehezana ny fatran'ny AC ( na mampiasa induction Ny maotera dia mampiasa ny fomba fampitomboana ny fanoherana anatiny mba hampihenana ny hafainganam-pandehan'ny maotera amin'ny matetika AC mitovy), ary ny fanaraha-maso ny voltase dia tsy hisy fiantraikany amin'ny torsikin'ny motera ihany. Amin'ny ankapobeny, ny malefaka ny motera sivily dia 110V sy 220V. Amin'ny fampiharana indostrialy, misy ihany koa ny 380V na 440V.
fitsipika miasa
Ny fitsipiky ny fihodinan'ny motera dia mifototra amin'ny fitsipika ankavia an'i John Ambrose Fleming. Rehefa apetraka ao amin'ny sahan'andriamby ny tariby iray, raha mihetsiketsika ny tariby, dia hanapaka ny tsipika sahan'andriamby ny tariby ary hamindra ny tariby. Miditra ao amin'ny coil ny kojakoja elektrika mba hamoronana sahan'andriamby, ary ny fiantraikan'ny herinaratra elektrika dia ampiasaina mba hahatonga ny electromagnet hihodina tsy tapaka ao amin'ny andriamby raikitra, izay afaka manova ny angovo elektrika ho angovo mekanika. Mifandray amin'ny andriamby maharitra na sahan'andriamby novokarin'ny andiana coils hafa izy io mba hamokarana hery. Ny fitsipiky ny motera DC dia ny hoe tsy mihetsika ny stator, ary ny rotor dia mihetsika amin'ny làlan'ny hery ateraky ny fifandraisana. Ny motera AC dia ny coil mihodinkodina amin'ny stator izay mamokatra sahan'andriamby mihodina. Ny sahan'andriamby mihodinkodina dia manintona ny rotor hiara-mihodina. Ny rafitra fototra amin'ny motera DC dia misy ny "armature", "magnet field", "peratra snumeric", ary "borosy".
Armature: Ny fototra vy malefaka izay afaka mihodina manodidina ny axis dia ratra amin'ny coils maromaro. andriamby saha: andriamby maharitra maharitra na elektrônika izay miteraka sahan'andriamby. Slip Ring: Ny coil dia mifandray amin'ny roa semi-boribory slip peratra eo amin'ny lafiny roa eo amin'ny lafiny roa, izay azo ampiasaina hanovana ny lalan'ny courant rehefa mihodina ny coil. Isaky ny antsasaky ny fihodinana (180 degre), dia miova ny làlan'ny zotra amin'ny coil. Borosy: Matetika vita amin'ny karbaona, ny peratra mpanangona dia mifandray amin'ny borosy amin'ny toerana raikitra mba hifandray amin'ny loharanon-kery.
Rafitra ifotony
There are many types of motors. In terms of basic structure, its composition is mainly composed of stator and rotor.
Ny stator dia mijanona ao amin'ny habaka, raha ny rotor kosa dia afaka mihodina manodidina ny shaft ary tohanana amin'ny bearings.
Hisy elanelana misy rivotra eo anelanelan'ny stator sy ny rotor mba hahazoana antoka fa afaka mihodina malalaka ny rotor.
Ny stator sy ny rotor dia ratra amin'ny coils, ary ny current dia ampiharina mba hamoronana sahan'andriamby, izay lasa electromagnet. Ny iray amin'ny stator sy ny rotor dia mety ho andriamby maharitra ihany koa.
Ireto manaraka ireto dia antsoina hoe motera
Voasokajy araka ny famatsiana herinaratra:
anarana
toetra
Môtô DC
Mampiasà andriamby maharitra na electromagnets, borosy, commutators ary singa hafa. Ny borosy sy ny commutators dia manome hatrany ny famatsiana herinaratra ivelany ivelany amin'ny coil ny rotor, ary manova ny làlan'ny zotra ara-potoana, mba hahafahan'ny rotor manaraka ny lalana mitovy Tohizo ny fihodinana.
AC motera
Mandalo amin'ny coil stator an'ny motera ny alternating current, ary ny saha andriamby manodidina dia natao hanosehana ny rotor amin'ny fotoana samihafa sy amin'ny toerana samihafa mba hanohizana ny fandehanana.
*Motera pulse
Ny loharanon-jiro dia karakarain'ny puce IC nomerika ary nivadika ho courant pulse mba hifehezana ny maotera. Ny motera mandeha dia karazana motera pulse.
Voasokajy araka ny rafitra (samy famatsiana herinaratra DC sy AC):
anarana
toetra
Môtô mifanindry
Izy io dia miavaka amin'ny hafainganam-pandeha tsy tapaka ary tsy ilaina ny fanaraha-maso ny hafainganam-pandeha, ny torque fanombohana ambany, ary rehefa tonga amin'ny hafainganam-pandeha mihazakazaka ny maotera, dia milamina ny hafainganam-pandeha ary avo lenta ny fahombiazany.
Môtô tsy mihira
Motera fampidirana
Izy io dia miavaka amin'ny rafitra tsotra sy maharitra, ary afaka mampiasa resistors na capacitors hanitsy ny hafainganam-pandeha sy mandroso sy mivadika fihodinana. Ny fampiharana mahazatra dia mpankafy, compressor, ary rivotra.
*Motera azo averina
Amin'ny ankapobeny, ny rafitra sy ny toetra mitovy amin'ny motera induction, dia miavaka amin'ny mekanika frein tsotra (friction frein) napetraka ao amin'ny rambon'ny motera. Ny tanjony dia ny hanatratra ireo toetra azo averina avy hatrany amin'ny alàlan'ny fampidirana enta-mavesatra ary mampihena ny fiantraikan'ny motera induction. Ny habetsahan'ny fihodinana tafahoatra ateraky ny hery.
Motera mandeha
Izy io dia miavaka amin'ny karazana motera pulse, maotera izay mihodina tsikelikely amin'ny zoro iray. Noho ny fomba fanaraha-maso misokatra-loop, dia tsy mila fitaovana fanehoan-kevitra ho an'ny toerana detection sy ny hafainganam-pandeha detection mba hahazoana toerana marina sy ny hafainganam-pandeha fanaraha-maso, ary ny fahamarinan-toerana tsara.
Servo motor
Izy io dia miavaka amin'ny fanaraha-maso haingana sy azo antoka, haingana haingana sy valin'ny fihenam-bidy, hetsika haingana (faingana haingana, haingana haingana), habe kely sy maivana, hery avo lenta (izany hoe hakitroky ny hery ambony), fahombiazana avo, sns. be mpampiasa amin'ny toerana sy ny hafainganam-pandeha fanaraha-maso ambony.
Maotera Linear
Izy io dia manana fiara mandeha lavitr'ezaka ary afaka mampiseho fahaiza-manao tsara indrindra amin'ny fametrahana toerana.
hafa
Rotary Converter, Rotary Amplifier, sns.
Ampiasao tanjona
Ny motera induction mahazatra dia ampiasaina betsaka
Betsaka ny fampiasana herinaratra, manomboka amin'ny indostria mavesatra ka hatramin'ny kilalao kely. Ny karazana motera elektrika samihafa dia voafantina amin'ny tontolo samihafa. Ireto misy ohatra vitsivitsy: fitaovana fanamboaran-drivotra, toy ny fantson-drivotra, fiara kilalao elektrika, sambo ary ascenseur hafa, ascenseur mandeha amin’ny herinaratra, toy ny lalamby ambanin’ny tany, orinasa tram sy toeram-pivarotana lehibe Varavarana mandeha ho azy elektrika, fanakatonana herinaratra, ary fitaovam-piveloman’ny olona. amin'ny fiara fitateram-bahoaka
Optical fiara, mpanonta printy, milina fanasan-damba, paompy rano, kapila fiara, hareza elektrika, kasety firaketana an-tsoratra, horonan-tsary, CD turntable, indostrialy sy ara-barotra.
Fast ascenseur miasa milina (toy ny: milina fitaovana) textile mixer milina.
The principle of a motor and a generator is basically the same, and the direction of energy conversion is different. The generator converts mechanical energy and kinetic energy into electrical energy through a load (such as water power, wind power). If there is no load, the generator will not have current flowing out. The cooperation of electric motors, power electronics, and micro-controllers has formed a new discipline called motor control. Before using the motor, you need to know whether the power source is DC or AC. If it is AC, you also need to know whether it is three-phase or single-phase. Connecting the wrong power supply will cause unnecessary losses and dangers. After the motor is rotated, if the load is not connected or the load is light so that the motor speed is fast, the induced electromotive force is stronger. At this time, the voltage across the motor is the voltage provided by the power supply minus the induced voltage, so the current is weakened. If the load of the motor is heavy and the rotation speed is slow, the relative induced electromotive force is smaller. Therefore, the power supply needs to provide a larger current (power) to output/work corresponding to the larger power required.
The market in the field of industrial motors is changing, and many industrial motor predators rely on their strong strength to deploy the global market. Business Opportunity Trading Network introduces the world's top ten electric motor companies in detail.
Siemens
From building technology and automation equipment for manufacturers and construction companies, to imaging and diagnostic systems for hospitals, and electric motors for industrial and mobile applications, Siemens seems to have it everywhere. Siemens has been one of the world's leading companies in the motor manufacturing industry for more than 150 years.
Toshiba Industrial Machine System
As a major supplier of various products and solutions in the world, Toshiba Industrial Machinery Systems entered the motor industry in 1970 and has formed a significant tradition of producing some of the most reliable and powerful motors in the global market. This company offers a variety of low- and medium-voltage motors, which have new standards in efficiency and durability.
Vondrona ABB
With a history of more than 130 years of technological innovation, ABB Group has become a world leader in the fields of electrification products, industrial automation and power grids, robotics and sports. The company serves customers in the global public utilities, industry, transportation and infrastructure sectors.
Nidec
It is Japan's leading motor and control equipment manufacturer, mainly producing industrial, household appliances and consumer products. Emerson Power’s previously announced acquisition of its power generation, motor and drive businesses has been completed. After the acquisition, the company has a solid business foundation, obvious brand advantages, and a good customer base, mainly in the northern region. In addition to the United States and Europe, the company agreed to establish a joint venture with the French automaker PSA Group and invested 261 million US dollars to produce motors in France for domestic and foreign sales.
Rockwell Automation
Roxwell Automation was founded in 1903 with an investment of 1,000 US dollars. Since then, the US industrial automation supplier has become one of the leaders in global automation technology, which has proven to be a successful example. In the past ten years, the company's investment in globalization and technology has brought its target market to more than US$90 billion.
AMETEKA
As a world-class organization, AMETEK is committed to providing customers with important solutions to the most complex challenges through unique technological innovation. Atimek's subsidiary company Atimek's Advanced Motion Solutions (AMS) is located in Kent, Ohio, and provides DC motors, controllers/drives, fans, pumps, precision controlled blowers, and custom engineered linear motion systems.
Regal Beloit
"Energy-saving and environmental protection" is a global energy-saving technology that meets customer needs by providing world-class products and services. Its motors and power transmission systems have been successful. Its Genteq brand DC motors cover almost all household air conditioning variable speed equipment in the United States, and its Marathon motors, Leeson and GE commercial motors have also been widely used.
Dechang Group
Over the past 50 years, Johnson Group has become a global leader in motors, motion sub-systems, actuators and related electromechanical components in vertical fields and businesses in multiple industries. Application-specific technology and technical leadership are the key driving forces that make Johnson a global leader. Johnson provides the largest set of engineering motors and motion systems, which can be standardized, mass-produced or customized to meet the needs of strategic departments and key customers.
Franklin Electric
From a small motor manufacturer to a world-leading supplier of fuel and water delivery systems and parts, Franklin Electric is actively and comprehensively expanding its business, making it one of the best motor manufacturers in the world. Franklin Electric serves customers in commercial, residential, industrial, agricultural, municipal and fuel applications worldwide.
Allied Motion
Erid Mott has become a leading manufacturer of precision motion control products and solutions due to his knowledge of electromagnetic, mechanical and electronic motion technology. Its growth strategy is to become a leader in selected target markets, use its expertise to develop precision motion solutions, and use various joint motion technologies to create higher-value solutions for customers.
